Emilia Stancu

University of Medicine and  Pharmacy Carol Davila, The Faculty of Pharmacy
Discipline of Management, Pharmaceutical Marketing and  the History of Pharmacy

Information about the  curatives that  were  used in the  past can  be obtained by studying some direct sources: Codex, Dispensatories, Pharmacopoeias, but  also  by analyzing the  indirect sources: inventories, pharmaceutical taxes, sale-purchase documents and  other documents that  come from  the  organizational administrative activity. In the  category of indirect sources pharmacy vessels and  several furniture pieces are also  included, which due  to  the  labels that mention the  content, contribute to  the  reconstruction of the  ”Materia Medica”.

As a result of the synthetisation of peresthers and nitrones directly in the polarographic cell we have obtained data which allow us to interpret some of the structure-properties-polarographic behaviour relations, these being-qualitative and quantitative also. The electrochemical transformations of peresthers of X-C6H4-CO-O-O-C(CH3)3 type have led to interesting results,as for as p-nitro-peresthers are concerned we have observed that the product of electrochemical decomposure is HOOC-C6H4-NH-OH and N-substituted-hidroxilamine, which in reaction with carbonilics derivates leads to nitrones, linking these two classes of substances. Close observation allows us to associate these synthetisations to a higher combinatorial character, and because of the electrochemical processes they are included in combinatorial electrochemistry. We foresee a development of these combinatorial electrosynthesis through the diversification of the substituents and their transformation in other functional groups with the view of obtaining some compounds having medication potential respectively.

I.P. Dancs, B. Tőkés, Gabriella Dónáth-Nagy

For this work were studied the rheological parameters (penetration capacity and stretching capacity) of the obtained suppositories with valproic acid with lipophile and hydrophile bases by classical metod in accordance with current good manufacturing practice. Suppositories prepared with valproic acid and lipophile bases have a higer penetration capacity than suppositories prepared with valproic acid and hydrophile bases.  After one months it was observed the decrease of penetration capacity and the decrease of stretching capacity for all formulas . Stretching capacity is not influenced by the presence of valproic acid.

Alexandrina Tăurean, R. Cazacincu

Ceftazidime is identified by means of infrared (IR) spectroscopy and dosed by ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy. IR spectra for both the reference substance (ceftazidime) and the commercial product containing this substance (Fortum® 1g – powder for injection) were obtained under identical conditions. The technique involving potassium bromide tablets was used for preparation of samples in IR. Assignment of the main absorption bands is achieved, characteristic of the studied molecule. We deployed the IR method for identification of ceftazidime in the commercial product, i.e. the UV dosing spectrometric method.

G.T.A. Burcea Dragomiroiu, V. Ghemigian, M.Popescu, Adina Cimpoiesu, Maria Bârcă, M. Hîrjău, C. Baloescu

The present study has in view the practical application of the native species Portulaca oleracea L (purslane) traditionally used as an anti-inflammatory, diuretic, antidiabetic and antiulcerogenic remedy in different countries.  The species is used in a tincture or extracts form, as an ingredient in various cosmetic products. The objectives of the following consist in researching the phenolic and sterolic compounds. For revealing the chemical compounds we made the chemical analysis of the solutions obtained by successive extractions with ether (A), ethanol (B) and water (C) through specific chemical reactions and through thin layer chromatography. The flavonoids were quantitatively determined by a spectrophotometrically method after complexing with aluminium chloride and the sterols by a colorimetric method using chloramine T and sulphuric acid. There were identified: sterols and carotenoids in solution A, coumarinic derivatives and phenolic acids in solution B, polyholosides and reductive compounds in solution C. The presence of beta sitosterol, coumarin, umbelliferone and caffeic and chlorogenic acids, kaempferol, quercetin was confirmed through thin layer chromatography. The total flavonoids content varies between 0.030 and 0.066g%, that of sterols is 1.125g% (in 100g of dried plant material).

Adriana Anghel, Viorica Istudor, Mihaela Dinu, Ligia Duţu, Ioana Tudor, O. Olaru

Physalis alkekengi L. (Winter cherry), a species of the plant family of Solanaceae is distributed in many regions of Europe, Asia and America. Its fruits are used in traditional folk medicine especially as diuretic, anti-rheumatic, analgesic and as a vitamin source. European winter cherry fruits have been extensively studied with regard to their carotene content. However, no specific studies on mineral content have been carried out. The aim of the present study was to determine the mineral element content of this fruits. Inductively coupled plasma atomic-emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) was used to determine mineral element content of Alkekengi fructus and of different aqueous (infusion and decoction) and hydro-alcoholic extracts (20%, 40%, 70% and 96% alcohol), overall 13 elements (macro elements: Ca, K, Mg, Na, P, S; trace elements: Al, B, Ba, Cu, Fe, Mn, Zn) were considered. Generally, aqueous extract of fruits of Physalis alkekengi L. contain macro and trace elements in higher amount as the hydro-alcoholic extract. Comparing the aqueous extracts, we observed that minerals extractability, excepting Ca and Na, is better with decoction than with infusion. The minerals extractability decreases with the increase in alcohol concentration of solvents used for the extraction. Therefore, when a mineral supply is required we suggest consumption of fruits or aqueous extracts of Winter cherry fruits.

Eszter Laczkó-Zöld, Klára Szentmihályi, C. Csedő, Sigrid Eşianu

The aim of this work is to expand the rules applicable to the partition processes on the formation of inclusion complexes of cyclodextrins, considering these interactions as partition microequilibria of the host molecule between the nonpolar cyclodextrin cavity and the polar external environment. We obtained relations between the stability constant of inclusion complexes of aliphatic alcohols with linear chain, their thermodynamic parameters, and partition constants calculated from the additivity. These results confirmed and documented from several directions our initial assumption concerning microequilibria.

Csilla Kun, B. Tőkés, Gabriella Donáth-Nagy

The use of diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical for estimating antioxidant capacity of substances is specified in the literature. The aim of the study is to identify the interaction of beta adrenergic blockers with N-centered free radicals such diphenylpicrylhydrazyl. We chose to study beta-blockers such: atenolol, carvedilol and pindolol. Measurements are carried out using a spectrophotometer; the stable DPPH free radical has a deep violet color characterized by an absorption band in ethanol solution centered about in 517-520 nm. When a solution of DPPH is mixed with that of a substance that can donate a hydrogen atom, then this gives rise to the reduced form with the loss of this violet color, although there would be expected to be a residual pale yellow from the picryl group still present. Therefore the absorbance values decrease because the capture of the free radical. Following after mixing the beta-blocker with free radical solution, can be observed in the spectra analysis a decrease of absorbance at the characteristic wavelength of free radical, especially in interaction with atenolol and pindolol, carvedilol presents no effect on N-centered radicals.

Alina Balint, B. Tőkés

Amelia Tero-Vescan, Silvia Imre, C.E.Vari, Alexandrina Oşan, Maria T. Dogaru

Plasmatic level of genistein (GNST) was determined by a new simple and sensitive validated liquid chromatography method. GNST was separated on a reversed phase column Kromasil 100-RP8, 150 mm x 4.6 mm, 5 ěm protected by a Kromasil RP8 precolumn under isocratic conditions using a mobile phase consisted of 45:55 (v/v) mixture of methanol and 15 mmol phosphoric acid in water. The flow rate was 1.3 ml/min. Daidzein (DDZ) was used as an internal standard at 500 ng/ml. In these chromatographic conditions, the retention time was 10.7 minutes for GNST and 6.6 min for DDZ. Calibration curves were generated over the range of 100-1000 ng/ml for GNST with values for coefficient of determination greater than 0.997. This method presented a good precision and accuracy for GNST at quantification limit. Plasmatic level of GNST was between 423.94 ± 72.89 μg/l with Bias values of 17,19% after administration of 10 mg/kg bw/day by s.c. injection. The validated HPLC method is part of the pharmacologic study of GNST phytoestrogenic effects on ovariectomised female rats.

Réka Borka-Balás, Szende Vancea, Mária Nyulas

Amiodarone is a class III antiarrhytmic drug. In therapy its potent effectiveness can lead to strong negative side effects, so regular monitoring of amiodarone and its active metabolite: desethylamiodarone serum levels is essential. The aim of this study was to develop a rapid and sensitive LC-MS method for the routine analysis of amiodarone and desethylamiodarone in plasma samples. Amiodarone (AMI) and desethylamiodarone (DEA) human plasma samples were precipitated with methanol. Before centrifuging at 14000 rpm for 10 min the mixture was vortexed for 30 seconds. 450 μl of supernatant was transferred in chromatographic vials and 10 ml was injected into LC-MS. Column: Zorbax SB-C18 (Agilent Technologies). Eluent: Formic acid 0.1%: Acetonitrile 45:55. Analysis time: 11.5 min. Minimum quantification limit (LLOQ) was 100 ng/ml for amiodarone and for desethylamiodarone too. Quantitation was performed by peak area method.